锛宔mo浜嗭紒 鈥冣€冿紝emo浜嗭紒
鈥冣€冩俯鑾庡煄鍫℃柊瀹夎�鐨勭數鐏�暎鍙戠潃绋冲畾銆佹煍鍜岀殑鍏夋檿锛屽皢璧峰眳瀹ゅ唴濂㈠崕鐨勭粐閿﹀拰瀹跺叿绗肩僵鍦ㄥ畞闈欎箣涓�€�
鈥冣€冪淮澶氬埄浜氬コ鐜嬪€氶潬鍦ㄩ摵鐫€鍘氳蒋鍨�殑鎵舵墜妞呴噷锛岀炕闃呯潃鏈€鏂颁竴鏈熺殑銆婅壇瑷€銆嬫潅蹇椼€�
鈥冣€冦€婂揩涔愮帇瀛愩€嬫晠浜嬪紑绡囧�鐜嬪瓙闆曞儚鍗庣編鐨勬弿杩扳€斺€旇创婊＄函閲戝彾鐗囷紝钃濆疂鐭崇殑鐪肩潧锛屽墤鏌勪笂鐨勭孩瀹濈煶鈥︹€�
鈥冣€冣€斺€斿湪濂圭湅鏉ラ�涓烘棤瓒ｏ紝涓嶈繃鏄�張涓€绉嶆枃浜哄紡鐨勩€佹棤鐢氱敤澶勭殑鏂囧瓧瑁呴グ銆�
鈥冣€冨ス宸茬粡骞磋繃鍏�棳锛岀粡鍘嗕簡澶��鍥藉�澶т簨銆佸�寤风悙浜嬶紝浠ュ強涓�汉鐨勬偛娆㈢�鍚堬紝鍐呭績楹绘湪寰楀儚涓€鍧楅搮銆�
鈥冣€冨�浜庤繖绉嶇氦缁嗚剢寮辩殑鍞�編鎻忓啓锛屽ス鏃╁凡澶卞幓浜嗘劅鍙楀姏锛涚劧鑰岋紝濂圭殑鐪夊ご寰堝揩灏辫箼浜嗚捣鏉ャ€�
鈥冣€冨惛寮曞ス娉ㄦ剰鍔涚殑锛屽苟闈炵帇瀛愮殑鐗虹壊鎴栫嚂瀛愮殑鍠勮壇锛岃€屾槸鏁呬簨閲岄偅搴у煄甯備腑褰㈠舰鑹茶壊鐨勪汉鐗┿€�
鈥冣€冪壒鍒�槸閭ｄ釜澹扮О鐜嬪瓙鈥滃儚椋庝俊鏍囬偅鏍锋紓浜�€濓紝鍙堟€ュ繖琛ュ厖鈥滃彧鏄�粬涓嶅強椋庝俊鏍囬偅鏍锋湁鐢ㄢ€濈殑甯傚弬璁�憳銆�
鈥冣€冧粬鐨勫彛鍚讳笌绁炴€侊紝娲昏劚鑴卞氨鏄��浼氫腑閭ｄ簺鏃㈣�闄勫焊椋庨泤锛屽張鐢熸€曡�璐翠笂鈥滀笉鍔″疄闄呪€濇爣绛剧殑瀹樺儦銆�
鈥冣€冧粬浠�€绘槸鍦ㄦ潈琛★紝鍦ㄨ�绠楋紝姣忎竴鍙ヨ瘽閮介€忕潃绮炬槑鍜岃櫄浼�€�
鈥冣€冭€屽綋璇诲埌鐜嬪瓙闆曞儚琚�帹鍊掔啍鍖栧悗锛屽競闀垮拰鍙傝�鍛樹滑涓衡€滃簲璇ラ摳璋佺殑鍍忊€濊€屼簤鍚典笉浼戞椂鈥︹€�
鈥冣€冨コ鐜嬬殑鎵嬫寚涓嶇敱鑷�富鎹忕揣浜嗕功椤碉紝鍏夋粦鐨勭焊寮犻兘琚�崗鍑轰簡瑜剁毐銆�
鈥冣€冦€愨€滆嚜鐒讹紝鎴戜滑搴旇�鍙﹀�閾镐竴搴у儚锛屸€濆競闀胯�锛屸€滈偅涔堝氨閾告垜鐨勫儚鍚с€傗€�
鈥冣€冣€滀笉锛岃繕鏄�摳鎴戠殑鍍忥紝鈥濇瘡涓�競鍙傝�鍛橀兘杩欐牱璇达紝浠栦滑浜夊惖璧锋潵銆傘€�
鈥冣€冭繖娈佃瘽鎸戠牬浜嗗コ鐜嬪唴蹇冪殑骞抽潤銆�
鈥冣€冨ス鍑犱箮绔嬪埢灏卞湪鑴戞捣涓�负杩欎簺铏氭瀯鐨勮�鑹叉壘鍒颁簡鐜板疄涓�殑瀵瑰簲鑰呪€斺€�
鈥冣€冮偅浜涗负浜嗙埖浣嶃€佸媼绔犺€屼簤鐮村ご鐨勮吹鏃忥紝杩樻湁閭ｄ簺鍦ㄦ斂搴滆亴浣嶄笂铦囪惀鐙楄嫙鐨勫ぇ鑷ｃ€�
鈥冣€冭繖绉嶆极鐢诲紡鐨勫浘鏅�紝杩囦簬璐磋繎鐜板疄锛屾墍浠ユ樉寰楁牸澶栧埡鐩�€�
鈥冣€冩洿璁╁ス涓嶉€傜殑锛屾槸鏁呬簨涓�偅浜涜丹璐�€呯殑褰㈣薄銆�
鈥冣€冪紳绾�コ宸ュ湪鐮存棫闃佹ゼ閲屼负瀹�コ鐨勮垶浼氳�瀛愮唬鑺憋紝韬�竟鏄�彂鐑у懟鍚熺殑瀛╁瓙锛�
鈥冣€冨崠鐏�煷鐨勫皬濂冲�鍦ㄥ瘨椋庝腑鏃犱汉闂�触锛�
鈥冣€冭繕鏈夐偅椴滄槑鐨勫�姣旓紝鈥滄湁閽变汉鍦ㄤ粬浠�紓浜�殑浣忓畢閲屼綔涔愶紝涔炰笎浠�潗鍦ㄥぇ闂ㄥ�鎸ㄥ喕鈥濄€�
鈥冣€冨挨鍏舵槸妗ユ礊涓嬬殑閭ｄ竴骞曪紝娓呮櫚鍦版诞鐜板湪濂圭溂鍓嶏細
鈥冣€冦€愬湪涓€閬撴ˉ鐨勬ˉ娲炰笅闈㈣汉鐫€涓や釜灏忓�锛屼粬浠�揣绱у湴鎼傚湪涓€璧凤紝鎯充娇韬�綋寰楀埌涓€鐐规俯鏆栥€�
鈥冣€冣€滄垜浠�湡楗垮晩锛佲€濅粬浠��銆�
鈥冣€冣€滀綘浠�笉瑕佽汉鍦ㄨ繖鍎匡紒鈥濈湅瀹堜汉鍚奸亾銆�
鈥冣€冧粬浠�彧濂界珯璧锋潵璧拌繘闆ㄤ腑鍘讳簡銆傘€�
鈥冣€冩瘡涓€涓�瓧閮借�濂硅仈鎯冲埌浜嗗伓灏斿嚭鐜板湪鍛堢粰濂圭殑鎶ュ憡閲岀殑閭ｄ簺鏂囧瓧銆�
鈥冣€冨ス褰撶劧鐭ラ亾浼︽暒鏈夊�灏戣繖鏍风殑绌峰�瀛愶紝浣嗗ス骞朵笉璁や负杩欐槸鑷�繁鎴栬€呭笣鍥界殑璐ｄ换銆�
鈥冣€冨笣鍥藉凡缁忔彁渚涗簡瓒冲�鐨勬斂绛栧拰璧勯噾锛岀敋鑷虫瘮娉曞浗鏃╀笂鏁存暣鍗佸勾鎻愪緵浜嗕箟鍔℃暀鑲层€�
鈥冣€冨笣鍥借捀钂告棩涓婄殑鍥藉姏鍜屼笉鏂�墿澶х殑娈栨皯鍦帮紝鎻愪緵浜嗚�澶氾紝鐢氳嚦鏄�お澶氱殑鏈轰細缁欐櫘閫氫汉锛�
鈥冣€冨�鏋滆繕鏈変汉娌﹁惤鍒伴�涓嶆灉鑵广€佽。涓嶈斀浣擄紝閭ｄ箞鍙�兘璇存槑瑕佷箞鏄�粬涓嶅�鍔�姏锛岃�涔堟槸涓婂笣杩樹笉澶熺湻椤句粬銆�
鈥冣€冧絾鏄��濂瑰挨鍏朵笉蹇�殑鏄�紝杩欐�鏂囧瓧浼间箮鍦ㄥ奖灏勯偅涓€娈靛ス鏈€涓嶆効鎰忓洖椤剧殑鍘嗗彶鈥斺€�
鈥冣€冧笁鍗佸勾鍓嶇殑鐖卞皵鍏般€�
鈥冣€冮偅鍦哄彲鎬曠殑澶чゥ鑽掞紝鐧句竾浜烘�浜★紝鐧句竾浜洪€冪�鈥︹€�
鈥冣€冨嵆渚垮湪浼︽暒锛屼篃鑳芥竻鏅板湴鎰熷彈鍒颁竴鑲＄粷鏈涗笌鎭愭厡鍦ㄦ暣涓�浗瀹惰敁寤躲€�
鈥冣€冭櫧鐒跺瞾鏈堟祦閫濓紝浣嗛偅鐗囬槾闇句粠鏈�湡姝ｆ暎鍘伙紝鑷充粖杩樻槸浜轰滑瀵瑰ス杩涜�閬撳痉璋磋矗鐨勯�鏉愩€�
鈥冣€冨ス涓€鐩村�姝よ€胯€夸簬鎬€锛屾瘯绔熷ス璁や负鑷�繁閮藉凡缁忎笉椤剧槦鐤�拰鏆村姩鐨勯�闄╋紝浜茶嚜鍓嶅線鐖卞皵鍏颁簡锛岃櫧鐒舵槸鍦�1849骞淬€�
鈥冣€冧絾濂瑰埌搴曟槸鍘讳簡锛岀埍灏斿叞浜哄嵈杩樿�涓烘�鎶辨€�紝瀹屽叏涓嶉【甯濆浗涓轰粬浠�彁渚涚殑鎻村姪銆�
鈥冣€冪淮澶氬埄浜氬コ鐜嬮殣闅愯�寰楋紝韬�笂闀舵弧榛勯噾鍜屽疂鐭炽€佷极绔嬪湪婊℃槸绌蜂汉鐨勫煄甯備腑鐨勫揩涔愮帇瀛愶紝浼间箮褰卞皠鐨勫氨鏄�嚜宸扁€斺€�
鈥冣€冨彧鏄�ス杩欎釜鈥滃揩涔愬コ鐜嬧€濓紝娌℃湁鎶婄帇鍐犱笂鐨勯捇鐭虫姞涓嬫潵閫佺粰绌蜂汉銆�
鈥冣€冨挨鍏舵槸鏈€杩戜竴娈垫椂闂达紝鐖卞皵鍏颁汉鍙堝湪杩涜�浠栦滑鐨勨€滃湡鍦版垬浜夆€濓紝杩樻湁甯曞唴灏旈�瀵肩殑鐖卞皵鍏拌�浼氬厷鐨勫礇璧封€︹€�
鈥冣€冭繖浜涙枃瀛楋紝寮鸿�灏嗛偅浜涜�濂规湁鎰忛仐蹇樼殑鏅�薄锛岄噸鏂版媺鍥炲埌浜嗗厜澶╁寲鏃ヤ箣涓嬨€�
鈥冣€冨コ鐜嬬殑鑴歌壊闅忕潃闃呰�鐨勮繘绋嬶紝鏃惰€屾硾闈掞紝鏃惰€岃浆鐧姐€�
鈥冣€冧竴鎭兼€掋€佺獦杩�拰涓嶅畨鐨勬儏缁�湪濂硅兏涓�炕鑵俱€�
鈥冣€冧絾濂规湁鐫€閽㈤搧鑸�殑鎰忓織锛屽ス鍧氭寔鐫€锛屼竴椤典竴椤碉紝鐩村埌鏁呬簨鐨勭粨灏锯€斺€斺€冣€冣€冣€冮搮蹇冩棤娉曠啍鍖栵紝涓庢�鍘荤殑鐕曞瓙涓€鍚岃�鎵旇繘鍨冨溇鍫嗛噷銆�
鈥冣€冨ス鏀句笅浜嗘潅蹇楋紝杩欎釜涓栫晫涓婃潈鍔涙渶澶х殑濂充汉锛屾�鍒绘劅鍒拌嚜宸辩殑鑳稿彛鏈変簺鍙戦椃锛岀敋鑷虫兂瑕佸憰鍚愩€�
鈥冣€冭繖骞堕潪鍑轰簬鐢熺悊涓婄殑涓嶉€傦紝鑰屾槸鍦ㄧ簿绁炰笂寮虹儓鍦版帓鏂ユ煇绉嶄笢瑗垮�鑷寸殑銆�
鈥冣€冨ス鎰熷埌鎰ゆ€掞紒
鈥冣€冧絾杩欐劋鎬掑苟闈為拡瀵规煇涓�叿浣撶殑鍙涘浗鑰呮垨鎸戣�鐨勬斂鏁岋紝鎵€浠ュ畠鏃犲�瀹夋斁銆�
鈥冣€冭繖绡囩湅浼兼棤瀹崇殑绔ヨ瘽锛屽嵈灏嗗ス缁熸不涓嬬殑甯濆浗鍏夐矞琛ㄩ潰涓嬬殑鑴撶柈鐓у緱娓呮竻妤氭�銆�
鈥冣€冨畠鍢插紕浜嗗畼鍍氱殑铏氫吉锛屾彮闇蹭簡璧よ８瑁哥殑璐�瘜鍒嗗寲锛岀敋鑷虫寚鍚戜簡濂圭殑缁熸不鍘嗗彶涓婃渶涓嶅牚鐨勪竴椤点€�
鈥冣€冪劧鑰岋紝杩欑�鎰ゆ€掑嵈鎵句笉鍒颁竴涓�彲浠ョ敤鏉ュ�娉勭殑鍙ｅ瓙鈥斺€斿畠鍙�槸涓€绡囩�璇濓紒
鈥冣€冧綔鑰呪€滆┕濮嗘柉路閭﹀痉鈥濈睄绫嶆棤鍚嶏紝鏁呬簨鑳屾櫙妯＄硦涓嶆竻锛屽ス闅鹃亾鑳藉洜涓轰竴涓�櫄鏋勭殑鏁呬簨鑰屽ぇ鍙戦浄闇嗗悧锛�
鈥冣€冮偅鍙�細鏄惧緱濂规皵閲忕嫮灏忥紝浼氱粰浜哄綋鎴愮瑧鏌勭殑銆�
鈥冣€冧簬鏄�紝杩欒偂鏃犲�鍙戞硠鐨勬€掔伀锛屾渶缁堣浆鍖栦负浠や汉绐掓伅鐨勯儊闂凤紝鍘嬪湪濂圭殑蹇冨彛锛屼箙涔呬笉鑳芥暎鍘汇€�
鈥冣€冨氨鍦ㄨ繖鏃讹紝璧峰眳瀹ょ殑闂ㄨ�杞昏交鏁插搷锛岄殢鍚庯紝濂圭殑瀛欏瓙锛屽崄鍏�瞾鐨勪箶娌荤帇瀛愯蛋浜嗚繘鏉ャ€�
鈥冣€冨勾杞荤殑鐜嬪瓙鑴镐笂杩樺甫鐫€灏戝勾浜虹殑绋氭皵锛屼絾姝ゅ埢锛屼粬閭ｅ弻鏄庝寒鐨勭溂鐫涢噷鍗村竷婊′簡绾�笣锛岀溂鐪舵硾鐫€绾㈣偪銆�
鈥冣€冧箶娌荤帇瀛愭墜閲屾嬁鐫€銆婅壇瑷€銆嬶紝澹伴煶鏈変簺鍝藉捊锛氣€滅�姣嶉櫅涓嬶紝鎮ㄢ€︹€︽偍鐪嬭繃杩欑瘒銆婂揩涔愮帇瀛愩€嬩簡鍚楋紵鈥�
鈥冣€冧粬鐢氳嚦娌℃湁鍍忓線甯镐竴鏍峰厛琛岀ぜ锛岃€屾槸鎬ュ垏鍦拌蛋涓婂墠锛屾潵鍒拌嚜宸辩�姣嶇殑韬�竟銆�
鈥冣€冪淮澶氬埄浜氬コ鐜嬫姮璧风溂锛岀湅鐫€鑷�繁杩欎綅浠庡皬鍦ㄧ櫧閲戞眽瀹�殑鍥村�鍐呴暱澶э紝浠庢湭鐪熸�瑙佽瘑杩囦汉闂寸柧鑻︾殑瀛欏瓙銆�
鈥冣€冨ス鐨勫０闊冲緢浣庢矇锛氣€滄垜鐪嬭繃浜嗭紝涔旀不銆傗€�
鈥冣€冧箶娌荤帇瀛愮殑璇�皵鍏呮弧浜嗗洶鎯戝拰鐥涜嫤锛氣€滄垜鈥︹€︽垜鐪嬪畬蹇冮噷闅惧彈鏋佷簡銆�
鈥冣€冮偅涓�コ瑁佺紳锛岄偅涓�崠鐏�煷鐨勫皬濂冲�锛岃繕鏈夋ˉ娲炰笅鐨勫�瀛愨€︹€�
鈥冣€冪�姣嶏紝鍦ㄦ垜浠�殑澶т笉鍒楅�鐨勫湡鍦颁笂锛岀湡鐨勬湁鈥︹€︾湡鐨勬湁杩欎箞澶氫汉鍦ㄦ尐楗垮彈鍐诲悧锛熲€�
鈥冣€冨皯骞寸帇瀛愬ぉ鐪熻€岀洿鐧界殑璐ㄩ棶锛岀対涓嶅強闃插湴鍐插嚮鐫€濂崇帇鐨勫唴蹇冦€�
鈥冣€冨ス鐪嬬潃瀛欏瓙閭ｅ弻娓呮緢銆佹偛浼ょ殑鐪肩潧锛岃剳娴蜂腑涓嶅彈鎺у埗鍦板洖鎯宠捣銆婂揩涔愮帇瀛愩€嬩腑鐨勪竴娈佃瘽锛�
鈥冣€冦€愨€滀粠鍓嶆垜娲荤潃锛屾湁涓€棰椾汉蹇冪殑鏃跺€欙紝鎴戝苟涓嶇煡閬撶溂娉�槸浠€涔堜笢瑗裤€�
鈥冣€冨洜涓烘垜閭ｆ椂鍊欎綇鍦ㄦ棤鎰佸�閲岋紝鎮插搥鏄�笉鑳藉�杩涘幓鐨勩€傗€濃€︹€︺€�
鈥冣€冧竴鐬�棿锛岀淮澶氬埄浜氬コ鐜嬬珶鐒惰�濉炰簡銆�
鈥冣€冨ス璇ュ�浣曞洖绛旓紵鑳藉惁璁ゅ悧锛熶箟姝ｈ瘝涓ュ湴鍛婅瘔浠栧笣鍥藉�浣曠箒鑽ｏ紝鎱堝杽浜嬩笟濡備綍鏈夋晥锛�
鈥冣€冪劧鑰岋紝鍙堣兘鎵胯�鍚楋紵鍚戣繖浣嶆湭鏉ョ殑鍥界帇锛屼翰鍙ｇ矇纰庝粬瀵光€滃笣鍥借崳鑰€鈥濈殑鍗曠函淇″康锛�
鈥冣€冨ス寮犱簡寮犲槾锛屾渶缁堝嵈浠€涔堜篃娌¤兘璇村嚭鏉ャ€�
鈥冣€冨ス鏃�笉鎯宠�鑷�繁鐨勫瓩瀛愬湪浠婂悗璁や负鑷�繁铏氫吉锛屼絾涔熶笉鎯宠�浠栫幇鍦ㄥ氨瑙夊緱鑷�繁鏃犺兘銆�
鈥冣€冨ス鍙�兘浼稿嚭鎵嬶紝鎷嶄簡鎷嶅瓩瀛愮殑鎵嬭噦銆�
鈥冣€冨ス璇曞浘瀹夋姎鐫€杩欎釜瀛╁瓙锛屽嵈鏃犳硶鎻愪緵浠讳綍绛旀�銆�
鈥冣€冧箶娌荤帇瀛愪技涔庢槑鐧戒簡浠€涔堬紝鍙堜技涔庢洿鍔犲洶鎯戜簡銆�
鈥冣€冧粬浣庝笅澶达紝鐪嬬潃鏉傚織灏侀潰涓婇偅搴у崕涓界殑鐜嬪瓙闆曞儚锛屽杻鍠冮亾锛氣€滈偅涓�帇瀛愨€︹€︿粬鐨勯搮蹇冭�寮€浜嗏€︹€︹€�
鈥冣€冧粬涓嶅啀杩介棶锛屽彧鏄�粯榛樺湴琛屼簡涓�ぜ锛岄€€鍑轰簡涔︽埧銆�
鈥冣€冪暀涓嬬淮澶氬埄浜氬コ鐜嬬嫭鑷�竴浜猴紝闈㈠�鐫€妗屼笂閭ｆ湰钖勮杽鐨勬潅蹇楋紝鍜岀獥澶栭偅鐗囪�楂樺�鐜�粫鐨勭編鏅�紝瀹侀潤寰椾护浜虹獟鎭�€�
鈥冣€冣€斺€斺€斺€斺€斺€�
鈥冣€冧笌姝ゅ悓鏃讹紝銆婂揩涔愮帇瀛愩€嬬殑鏁呬簨锛屽湪浼︽暒绀句細鐨勪笉鍚岄樁灞備腑锛屼篃寮曞彂浜嗘埅鐒朵笉鍚岀殑鍙嶅簲銆�
鈥冣€冧笌鈥滅�灏旀懇鏂�€濆紩鍙戠殑鐑�儓璁ㄨ�涓嶅悓锛屻€婂揩涔愮帇瀛愩€嬪甫鏉ョ殑鏄�矇榛樹笌浼ゆ劅銆�
鈥冣€冨畠棣栧厛瑙﹀姩鐨勶紝鏄��鑰呭唴蹇冪殑鑹�煡锛屽寘鎷��鐗虹壊鐨勬儖鎯滐紝浠ュ強瀵圭幇瀹炵殑鏃犲�銆�
鈥冣€冭€屼笌鐜嬪皵寰蜂竴鏍凤紝鎵€鏈夌湅杩囥€婂揩涔愮帇瀛愩€嬬殑浜猴紝鍐呭績閮藉崌璧蜂竴涓�洶鎯戔€斺€�
鈥冣€冣€溾€樿┕濮嗘柉路閭﹀痉鈥欐槸璋侊紵鈥�
鈥冣€冿紙浠婃櫄涓ゆ洿锛屾槑澶╄ˉ鏇�+鍔犳洿锛�